KURIOS
type: channel
description: KURIOS (Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen) merupakan wadah publikasi hasil penelitian teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen dengan nomor ISSN: 2614-3135 (online), ISSN: 2615-739X (print), yang diterbitkan oleh Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Bangsa Jakarta. dengan lingkup kajian penelitian adalah: Teologi Sistematika-Konstruktif Teologi Biblikal-Kontekstual Teologi, Religiositas, dan Spiritualitas Pelayanan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Gereja Pendidikan Kristiani Gereja dan Masyarakat Kepemimpinan Kristiani Teologi Misi Teologi Praktika Isu-isu Pentakostalisme KURIOS terbit tiga kali dalam setahun, yakni: April, Agustus, dan Desember, serta telah terakreditasi oleh Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia, dengan SK No. 79/E/KPT/2023, pada peringkat Sinta 2. KURIOS menerima artikel dari dosen dan para praktisi teologi yang ahli di bidangnya, dari segala institusi teologi, baik dari dalam maupun luar negeri. Artikel yang telah memenuhi persyaratan akan dinilai kelayakannya oleh reviewer yang ahli di bidangnya melalui proses double blind-review.
publisher: Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Bangsa, Jakarta
language: en
publication name: KURIOS
issn: 2615-739X
items: Epistemologi cinta dan praksis iman: Konstruksi pedagogi pendidikan Kristiani menurut pemikiran Parker J. Palmer dan Thomas H. Groome
items: Gereja sebagai komunitas formatif
items: Peziarahan narasi-praksis tanah dan Haustafeln
items: Spiritualitas relasional sebagai kerangka evaluatif pendidikan Kristiani
items: Ekomisiologi integral
items: Theologia viatorum
items: Melampaui dikotomi personal-komunal
items: Arsitektur misi Perjanjian Lama
items: Komunitas iman sebagai ruang formasi moral
items: Rekonsiliasi identitas dan politik tubuh Kristus
items: Paradoks kredensi apostolik: Penderitaan sebagai retorika legitimasi dalam periautologi Paulus menurut 2 Korintus 11:23-29
items: Kecerdasan spiritualitas-sosial sebagai habitus teologis
items: Pluralisme hukum dalam Torah: Sheva mitzvot b’nei Noach dan taryag mitzvot Moshe dalam legislasi Yudaisme dan implikasinya bagi gereja mula-mula
items: Upah yang layak sebagai praktik eklesiologis: Sebuah konstruksi teologi kerja untuk gereja Indonesia kontemporer
items: Pelaku yang terlupakan
items: Oikonomia of the sacred leaf
items: Theologia morae: Slow leadership sebagai spiritualitas kepemimpinan Kristiani transformatif di era akselerasi disruptif
items: Theologia resonantiae
items: Lectio divina sebagai ruang perjumpaan dengan Sabda
items: Habitus digital dan pemuridan terjalin
items: Dialektika ontologis “miskin dalam roh” dan “kaya di hadapan Allah”: Reevaluasi filologis Matius 5:3 dan Lukas 12:21 terhadap terjemahan LAI
items: Transformasi kepemimpinan Kristiani melalui dialog antarbudaya: Strategi membangun ketahanan komunitas di era posmodern
items: Geografi perjanjian: Tanah sebagai topos relasional dalam teologi naratif Alkitab
items: Tamu yang menjamu: Pembacaan subversif atas hospitalitas profetik dalam Lukas 11:37–45
items: Imago Dei dalam budaya algoritma: Fondasi teologis untuk pendidikan karakter kristiani di era digital
items: Kepemimpinan naratif-memori: Paradigma pembangunan jemaat melalui praktik anamnesis komunal
items: Dekolonialisasi servant leadership: Karakter, kritik, dan rekonstruksi tata kelola eklesial dalam konteks indonesia
items: Bersama bersaudara dalam kesatuan: Kerukunan sebagai kebajikan publik melalui pemaknaan paradigmatis-teologis Mazmur 133
items: Pernikahan sebagai ruang liminal: Rekonstruksi teologis sakramen dalam perspektif studi ritual
items: Metakognisi rohani melalui hypnoteaching berbasis kitab suci: Pendekatan multidisipliner teologi-neurosains pada pembelajaran transformatif Pendidikan Agama Kristen

Epistemologi cinta dan praksis iman: Konstruksi pedagogi pendidikan Kristiani menurut pemikiran Parker J. Palmer dan Thomas H. Groome
type: item
description: Christian education in Indonesia is experiencing an epistemological crisis that separates faith from reason, causing learning to fall into dualism between scientistic objectivism and sentimental affective pietism. This research aims to construct an integrative Christian education pedagogy based on a dialogical synthesis of the thought of Parker J. Palmer and Thomas H. Groome. The method employed is a qualitative literature study with a dialogical-constructive approach to both figures’ primary works, supplemented by Indonesian-language secondary literature on contextual Christian religious education. The findings show that Palmer’s epistemology of love, rooted in the knower-known relation as an act of faith, engages in complementary ways with Groome’s praxis of faith through the five movements of shared Christian praxis, producing a pedagogical framework with three axes: relationality, reflexivity, and transformation. This construction offers a middle way for Indonesian Christian education to transcend the Enlightenment-inherited faith-reason dichotomy while serving as a contextual proposal for forming holistic learners that integrates cognitive, affective, conative, and spiritual dimensions into a unified reflective pedagogy rooted in the fides quaerens intellectum tradition. Abstrak Pendidikan Kristiani di Indonesia saat ini mengalami krisis epistemologis yang memisahkan iman dari akal budi, sehingga proses pembelajaran kerap jatuh pada dualisme antara objektivisme saintifik di satu sisi dan pietisme afektif yang sentimental di sisi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengonstruksi pedagogi Pendidikan Kristiani yang integratif berbasis sintesis dialogis pemikiran Parker J. Palmer dan Thomas H. Groome. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka kualitatif dengan pendekatan dialogis-konstruktif terhadap karya primer kedua tokoh, dilengkapi dengan tinjauan kritis terhadap literatur sekunder berbahasa Indonesia bertema Pendidikan Agama Kristen kontekstual. Hasilnya menunju…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Christian education; epistemology of love; faith and reason; faith praxis; reflective pedagogy; shared Christian praxis; epistemologi cinta; iman dan akal; pedagogi reflektif; pendidikan Kristiani; praksis bersama; praksis iman
creator: Aljuanika Ertamaya Ering
creator: Semuel Selanno
creator: Aldie Mandey
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aljuanika Ertamaya Ering, Semuel Selanno, Aldie Mandey https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 989
ending page: 999
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1410

Gereja sebagai komunitas formatif
type: item
description: Contemporary Christian education faces a fundamental challenge in grounding its ethical dimension within a coherent theological framework. This article argues that the church as a formative community provides the essential theological foundation for ethics in Christian education. Through library research with conceptual analysis, this study demonstrates that moral formation cannot be reduced to individual cognitive processes but requires embedding within ecclesial practices and communal narratives. The framework integrates four dimensions: ecclesiological identity, communal moral formation, the dialectic between personal piety and social responsibility, and pedagogical implications. This reconceptualization shifts Christian education from mere knowledge transmission toward transformative character formation within the believing community. The article concludes that effective ethical education requires pedagogical designs rooted in the church's formative practices and narrative identity. Abstrak Pendidikan Kristiani kontemporer menghadapi tantangan mendasar dalam melandasi dimensi etisnya pada kerangka teologis yang koheren. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa gereja sebagai komunitas formatif menyediakan fondasi teologis yang esensial bagi etika dalam pendidikan Kristiani. Melalui penelitian kepustakaan dengan analisis konseptual, studi ini menunjukkan bahwa formasi moral tidak dapat direduksi menjadi proses kognitif individual, melainkan memerlukan penanaman dalam praktik-praktik gerejawi dan narasi komunal. Kerangka ini mengintegrasikan empat dimensi: identitas eklesiologis, formasi moral komunal, dialektika kesalehan pribadi dan tanggung jawab sosial, serta implikasi pedagogis. Rekonseptualisasi ini menggeser pendidikan Kristiani dari sekadar transmisi pengetahuan menuju formasi karakter transformatif dalam komunitas beriman. Artikel menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan etis yang efektif memerlukan desain pedagogis yang berakar pada praktik-praktik formatif dan identitas narat…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: character education, Christian education, ecclesiology, formative community, moral formation, theological ethics, eklesiologi, etika teologis, formasi moral, komunitas formatif, pendidikan karakter, pendidikan Kristiani
subject: Teologi (Teologi Sistematika
  topic: disciplines
subject: Teologi Agama-Agama)
  topic: disciplines
creator: Daniel Sudibyo Tjandra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-20
publication date: 2026-04-20
starting page: 89
ending page: 99
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1072

Peziarahan narasi-praksis tanah dan Haustafeln
type: item
description: This article examines the paradoxical convergence of two New Testament discourses, namely the theology of land and the moral code of Haustafeln, within the matrix of Hellenistic philosophy, particularly Stoicism. Both discourses occupy an ambivalent position: offering principles of household ordering while producing structural alienation of vulnerable subjects such as women, slaves, children, and sojourners. This study employs a layered hermeneutic approach that combines socio-rhetorical interpretation, feminist hermeneutics of suspicion, and Asian contextual hermeneutics. The findings point to three conclusions. First, early Christian Haustafeln resulted from the adoption and modification of the Stoic-Aristotelian topos peri oikonomias; the en kyriō modification opened a theological space yet failed to dismantle the inherited kyriarchal structure. Second, the theology of land in both Testaments shares the same grammar as Haustafeln regarding who is entitled to dominate. Third, the inversion of Matthew 5:5 and the kenotic ethic of Philippians 2:5–11 propose the constructive paradigm of habere sine possidere as a critical hermeneutic for the Indonesian context marked by agrarian conflict and household patriarchy. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji konvergensi paradoksal dua diskursus Perjanjian Baru, yaitu teologi tanah dan kode moral Haustafeln, dalam matriks filsafat Helenistik, khususnya Stoa. Kedua diskursus menempati posisi ambivalen: menawarkan prinsip penataan rumah tangga sekaligus memproduksi alienasi struktural terhadap subjek rentan seperti perempuan, budak, anak, dan pendatang. Penelitian ini menggunakan hermeneutik berlapis yang memadukan interpretasi sosio-retoris, hermeneutik kecurigaan feminis, dan hermeneutik kontekstual Asia. Temuan studi mengarah pada tiga poin. Pertama, Haustafeln Kristen mula-mula merupakan hasil adopsi dan modifikasi atas topoi peri oikonomias Stoa-Aristotelian; modifikasi en kyriō membuka celah teologis, namun tidak meruntuhkan struk…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: contextual hermeneutics, Haustafeln, kyriarchy, land theology, Stoic philosophy, filsafat Stoa, hermeneutik kontekstual, teologi tanah
  topic: keywords
creator: Agus Surya
creator: Rinto Hasiholan Hutapea
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Surya, Rinto Hasiholan Hutapea https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 236
ending page: 244
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1269

Spiritualitas relasional sebagai kerangka evaluatif pendidikan Kristiani
type: item
description: Digital culture has transformed Christian faith-learning practices, generating a performative spirituality that reduces faith to measurable, visible expressions. This challenges Christian Education to critically reassess its pedagogical and evaluative paradigms. No existing research has developed a soteriological hermeneutical framework grounded in biblical text for theologically comprehensive evaluation of CRE in the digital era. This article constructs relational spirituality as an evaluative framework for CRE through hermeneutical soteriological analysis of Matthew 5:3, integrating critical biblical reading, systematic theological reflection, and digital culture analysis. The analysis reveals that ptōchos tō pneumati in Matthew 5:3 discloses a soteriological foundation that rejects spiritual meritocracy and positions dependence on God's grace as a fundamental faith disposition. On this basis, relational spirituality is constructed as a pacen-term that places relationships with God, others, and the center of the salvation experience, while theologically critiquing digital individualism and performativity. This article concludes that CRE evaluation must be reoriented from measuring external outcomes toward relational and transformative faith formation. Abstrak Budaya digital mentransformasi praktik pembelajaran iman Kristen dan menciptakan spiritualitas performatif yang mereduksi iman menjadi ekspresi terukur dan publik. Kondisi ini menantang Pendidikan Kristiani (PK) untuk mengkritisi paradigma pedagogis dan evaluatifnya secara mendasar. Belum ada penelitian yang mengembangkan kerangka soteriologis hermeneutis berbasis teks biblika untuk mengevaluasi pembelajaran PK secara teologis komprehensif. Artikel ini mengonstruksi spiritualitas relasional sebagai kerangka evaluatif PK melalui analisis hermeneutis soteriologis Matius 5:3, dengan memadukan pembacaan biblika kritis, refleksi teologi sistematik, dan analisis budaya digital sebagai konteks pedagogis kontemporer.…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Christian education, digital culture, learning evaluation, Matthew 5:3, relational spirituality, soteriology, budaya digital, evaluasi pembelajaran, Matius 5:3, pendidikan Kristiani, soteriologi, spiritualitas relasional
creator: Johnson Sitorus
creator: Lamris Sihotang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-20
publication date: 2026-04-20
starting page: 100
ending page: 110
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1568

Ekomisiologi integral
type: item
description: This article examines the theological relationship between the Creation Mandate (Gen. 1:28) and the Great Commission of Christ in Mark 16:15 through the lens of integral ecomissiology. Employing a biblical-theological method combined with hermeneutical and ecological analysis, this study argues that the phrase "all creation" (πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις) in Mark 16:15 encompasses not only humanity but the entire created order, opening a comprehensive theological framework that bridges ecological responsibility and evangelistic mission. The research identifies a significant gap in missiological literature, wherein the creation mandate and the Great Commission are frequently treated as separate theological themes rather than as an integrated whole. Through exegetical analysis, intertextual dialogue, and engagement with contemporary ecotheological discourse, this article demonstrates that integral ecomissiology offers a coherent response to both the ecological crisis and the Church's missional calling. The findings suggest that faithful mission in the Anthropocene demands a holistic posture that takes the flourishing of all creation seriously as an intrinsic dimension of the proclamation of the Kingdom of God. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji relasi teologis antara Mandat Penciptaan (Kej. 1:28) dan Amanat Agung Kristus dalam Markus 16:15 melalui perspektif ekomisiologi integral. Dengan menerapkan metode teologi biblika yang dikombinasikan dengan analisis hermeneutis dan ekologis, studi ini berargumen bahwa frasa "segala makhluk" (πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις) dalam Markus 16:15 mencakup bukan hanya umat manusia, melainkan seluruh ciptaan, sehingga membuka kerangka teologis yang komprehensif dalam menjembatani tanggung jawab ekologis dan misi evangelistik. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kesenjangan signifikan dalam literatur misiologi, di mana mandat penciptaan dan Amanat Agung sering diperlakukan sebagai tema teologis yang terpisah, bukan sebagai suatu kesatuan integratif. Melalui analisis eksegetis,…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: creation mandate, ecomissiology, ecological theology, great commission, integral mission, Mark 16:15, amanat agung, ekomisiologi, mandat penciptaan, Markus 16:15, misi integral, teologi ekologi
  topic: keywords
creator: Welly Pandensolang
creator: Krista Agatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 68
ending page: 78
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1566

Theologia viatorum
type: item
description: Contemporary philosophy of education faces an impasse between static essentialism, which presumes a fixed human nature prior to education, and liquid constructivism, which dissolves the learning subject into a directionless process. This article proposes theologia viatorum, the theology of humanity as a pilgrim or homo peregrinus, as a constructive paradigm for Christian philosophy of education. Through a hermeneutical-constructive methodology, the study reconstructs the theological concept of viator from Augustine, Bonaventure, and Gabriel Marcel, then engages it in dialogue with Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology, Whitehead’s process philosophy, and Bauman’s critique of liquid modernity. Its novelty lies in articulating a “third way” that maintains a normative teleological orientation without rigid essentialism and acknowledges processual open-ness without sliding into directionless relativism. The article argues that Christian education should form subjects who exist on the way: subjects who possess continuity through a journey narrative yet are continuously transformed by the journey itself, forming learners whose faith can be lived with hope amid contemporary uncertainty. Abstrak Filsafat pendidikan kontemporer mengalami kebuntuan antara esensialisme statis yang mengandaikan hakikat manusia sudah jadi sebelum pendidikan dan konstruktivisme cair yang melarutkan subjek belajar dalam proses tanpa arah. Artikel ini mengusulkan theologia viatorum, yaitu teologi tentang manusia sebagai peziarah atau homo peregrinus, sebagai paradigma konstruktif bagi filsafat pendidikan Kristiani. Melalui metodologi hermeneutis-konstruktif, penelitian ini merekonstruksi konsep teologis viator dari Augustinus, Bonaventura, dan Gabriel Marcel, lalu mendialog-kannya dengan fenomenologi Merleau-Ponty, filsafat proses Whitehead, dan kritik Bauman terhadap modernitas cair. Kebaruannya terletak pada artikulasi “jalan ketiga” yang mempertahankan orientasi teleologis normatif tanpa esensialisme ri…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian philosophy of education, homo peregrinus, pedagogy of hope, pilgrimage, theologia viatorum, filsafat pendidikan Kristiani, pedagogi harapan, teologia viatorum, ziarah
  topic: keywords
creator: Altin Sihombing
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 111
ending page: 123
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1364

Melampaui dikotomi personal-komunal
type: item
description: Christian education has long been trapped in the dichotomy between personal Bible reading and communal interpretation. This article proposes a hermeneutical synthesis that transcends this binary opposition by drawing on philosophical hermeneutics and ecclesiological theology. Through library research employing a conceptual analysis, this study argues that Scripture reading is neither purely individual nor merely collective but constitutes a dialectical process in which personal encounter with the text occurs within and is shaped by interpretive communities. The synthesis offers four dimensions: historical consciousness, communal dialogue, spiritual formation, and pneumatological participation. This framework reconceptualizes Christian education from information transfer toward transformative formation within reading communities. The article concludes that effective Christian education requires pedagogical designs acknowledging Scripture as both personally addressed and communally mediated. Abstrak Pendidikan Kristiani telah lama terjebak dalam dikotomi antara pembacaan Alkitab secara personal dan interpretasi komunal. Artikel ini mengusulkan sintesis hermeneutis yang melampaui oposisi biner tersebut dengan berpijak pada hermeneutika filosofis dan teologi eklesiologis. Melalui penelitian kepustakaan dengan metode analisis konseptual, studi ini berargumen bahwa pembacaan Alkitab bukanlah murni individual maupun sekadar kolektif, melainkan merupakan proses dialektis di mana perjumpaan personal dengan teks terjadi di dalam dan dibentuk oleh komunitas interpretatif. Sintesis ini menawarkan empat dimensi: kesadaran historis, dialog komunal, formasi spiritual, dan partisipasi pneumatologis. Kerangka ini merekonseptualisasi pendidikan Kristiani dari transfer informasi menuju formasi transformatif dalam komunitas pembaca. Artikel menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan Kristiani yang efektif memerlukan desain pedagogis yang mengakui Alkitab sebagai yang ditujukan secara personal sekal…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: biblical interpretation, Christian education, ecclesial pedagogy, hermeneutical synthesis, reading community, spiritual formation, formasi spiritual, interpretasi Alkitab, komunitas pembaca, pedagogi eklesiologis, pendidikan Kristiani, sintesis hermeneutis
creator: Kristiani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-04-20
publication date: 2025-04-20
starting page: 79
ending page: 88
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1562

Arsitektur misi Perjanjian Lama
type: item
description: Debates over the locus of biblical mission reveal a reductive tendency that positions the Old Testament (OT) as a mere prefiguration of New Testament mission, neglecting the theological coherence that shapes God's people from creation to the prophetic tradition. This study argues that OT theology contains an integral mission structure, not merely isolated motifs such as the proto-evangelium or the Abrahamic promise. Using a canonical-narrative approach and covenant-theology analysis, it traces the progression of OT mission through three nodes: the representational mandate in creation, the formation of missional identity through covenant, and the affirmation and universal expansion through the prophetic tradition. The findings demonstrate that mission functions as a hermeneutical category organizing the narrative; covenantal structures, sending patterns, and prophetic rhetoric consistently orient God's people toward a cross-national representational task. The study concludes that the OT offers an "architecture of mission" linking creation, covenant, and prophecy within a coherent narrative-theological framework, serving as a foundation for contemporary ecclesial missional praxis rooted in the covenant-binding, sending character of God. Abstrak Perdebatan mengenai locus awal misi dalam Alkitab menunjukkan kecenderungan reduktif yang menempatkan Perjanjian Lama (PL) sebatas prafigurasi misi Perjanjian Baru, sehingga mengabaikan koherensi teologis yang membentuk identitas umat Allah sejak penciptaan hingga tradisi kenabian. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa teologi PL mengandung struktur misi yang bersifat integral, bukan sekadar motif terpisah seperti proto-evangelium atau janji Abrahamik. Dengan pendekatan kanonik-naratif dan analisis teologi perjanjian, kajian ini menelusuri progres misi PL melalui tiga simpul, yaitu mandat representasional dalam penciptaan, pembentukan identitas misioner melalui perjanjian, serta penegasan dan perluasan universalitas melalui tradisi k…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: architecture of mission, canonical-narrative approach, covenant theology, Old Testament, representational task, arsitektur misi, pendekatan kanonik-naratif, Perjanjian Lama, teologi perjanjian, tugas representasional
creator: Denny Folkes Masneno
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 124
ending page: 134
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1561

Komunitas iman sebagai ruang formasi moral
type: item
description: Christian education in multicultural Indonesia faces distinctive challenges in moral formation amidst religious, ethnic, and cultural diversity. This article reinterprets Thomas Groome's "Shared Christian Praxis" as a theological-pedagogical framework for moral formation within faith communities in plural contexts. Using a hermeneutic-reconstructive method that combines conceptual analysis and contextual synthesis with Indonesian local wisdom, the study argues that Groome's dialogical pedagogy, when placed in critical dialogue with communitarian ecclesiology and Indonesian cultural grammar, yields a distinctive model of character formation that respects diversity without sacrificing Christian particularity. This article constructs a critical-constructive reinterpretation that identifies Groome's limitations for non-Western contexts and recalibrates his five movements through the cultural lenses of gotong royong, musyawarah-mufakat, and tepo seliro. The resulting framework positions the faith community as the primary locus of moral formation through dialogical praxis at the level of epistemic posture, communal ritual, and pedagogical flow, offering concrete markers for institutional transformation. Abstrak Pendidikan Kristiani di Indonesia yang multikultural menghadapi tantangan khas dalam formasi moral di tengah keragaman agama, etnis, dan budaya. Artikel ini mereinterpretasi pendekatan "praksis Kristiani bersama" Thomas Groome sebagai kerangka teologis-pedagogis bagi formasi moral dalam komunitas iman dalam konteks plural. Dengan metode hermeneutis-rekonstruktif yang memadukan analisis konseptual dan sintesis kontekstual dengan kearifan lokal Indonesia, studi ini berargumen bahwa pedagogi dialogis Groome, ketika didialogkan secara kritis dengan eklesiologi komunitarian dan tata budaya Indonesia, menghasilkan model pembentukan karakter yang menghargai keragaman tanpa mengorbankan kekhasan Kristiani. Artikel ini membangun reinterpretasi kritis-konstruktif yang mengid…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: contextual pedagogy, faith community, moral formation, multicultural education, shared Christian praxis, Thomas Groome, formasi moral, komunitas iman, pedagogi kontekstual, pendidikan multikultural, praksis Kristiani bersama
creator: Thinna Naftali Woenardi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-25
publication date: 2026-04-25
starting page: 148
ending page: 159
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1560

Rekonsiliasi identitas dan politik tubuh Kristus
type: item
description: Social and political polarization poses a serious threat to commu-nal cohesion in various societies, including Indonesia. This article examines Ephesians 2:11-22 as a theological foundation for reconciliation amid contemporary polarization. Through historical-critical exegesis, combined with biblical and political theology, this study demonstrates that Paul presents a radical vision of reconciliation in which Christ demolishes the dividing wall of hostility and creates one new humanity that transcends ethnic and religious boundaries. The Body of Christ functions as an alternative political space that challenges worldly power structures and offers a new identity rooted in union with Christ. Three theological dimensions are explored: exegesis of the concept of the dividing wall and the new humanity, the Body of Christ as an alternative political space, and the application of these findings to contemporary polarization, including issues of xenophobia, racism, religious fundamentalism, and political division. This article concludes that the church is called to be an agent of reconciliation that embodies peace, justice, and love in concrete practice. Abstrak Polarisasi sosial-politik menjadi ancaman serius bagi kohesi masyarakat di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Artikel ini mengkaji Efesus 2:11-22 sebagai dasar teologis bagi rekonsiliasi di tengah polarisasi kontemporer. Melalui eksegesis historis-kritis yang dikombinasikan dengan teologi biblika dan teologi politik, studi ini menunjukkan bahwa Paulus menghadirkan visi rekonsiliasi yang radikal, di mana Kristus meruntuhkan tembok pemisah permusuhan dan menciptakan satu manusia baru yang melampaui batas-batas identitas etnis dan religius. Tubuh Kristus berfungsi sebagai ruang politik alternatif yang menantang struktur kekuasaan duniawi dan menawarkan identitas baru yang berakar pada kesatuan dengan Kristus. Tiga dimensi teologis dieksplorasi: eksegesis konsep tembok pemisah dan manusia baru, tubuh Kristus seb…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: body of Christ, Ephesians 2, identity politics, new humanity, polarization, reconciliation, Efesus 2, manusia baru, polarisasi, politik identitas, rekonsiliasi, tubuh Kristus
  topic: keywords
creator: Baringin Sihite
creator: Andre P. L. Tobing
creator: Suardin Gaurifa
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 54
ending page: 67
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1554

Paradoks kredensi apostolik: Penderitaan sebagai retorika legitimasi dalam periautologi Paulus menurut 2 Korintus 11:23-29
type: item
description: This article examines the paradox of apostolic credentials in Paul's periautology (self-commendation) in 2 Corinthians 11:23-29 through rhetorical-critical analysis. Against the backdrop of Greco-Roman conventions of self-praise, Paul's catalogue of hardships functions not merely as emotional rhetoric (pathos) but as a deliberate inversion of periautological norms to legitimize his apostleship. By cataloging suffering rather than achievements, Paul subverts the social expectations of his Corinthian opponents and establishes a theology of the cross as the definitive criterion for apostolic authority. This study argues that the paradox of Pauline credentials, where weakness becomes the very basis of legitimacy, reflects a profound Christological conformity in which the apostle's suffering participates in and makes visible the cruciform pattern of Christ's own self-emptying. The implications extend beyond individual apostleship to ecclesiological praxis, redefining power, authority, and authentic ministry within the Christian community. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji paradoks kredensi apostolik dalam periautologi (pujian-diri). Paulus di 2 Korintus 11:23-29 melalui analisis retoris-kritis. Dengan latar belakang konvensi pujian-diri dalam tradisi Greco-Romawi, katalog penderitaan Paulus berfungsi bukan sekadar sebagai retorika emosional (pathos), melainkan sebagai inversi deliberatif terhadap norma periautologis guna melegitimasi kerasulannya. Dengan mengkatalogkan penderitaan alih-alih pencapaian, Paulus mensubversi ekspektasi sosial para lawannya di Korintus dan menetapkan theologia crucis sebagai kriteria definitif otoritas apostolik. Studi ini berargumen bahwa paradoks kredensi Pauline, di mana kelemahan menjadi basis legitimasi, merefleksikan konformitas Kristologis yang mendalam, di mana penderitaan rasul berpartisipasi dalam dan memvisibilisasikan pola kenosis Kristus. Implikasinya melampaui kerasulan individual menuju praksis eklesiologis, mendefinisikan ulang kua…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: apostolic credentials; catalog of suffering; periautology; theologia crucis; 2 Corinthians 11:23–29; katalog penderitaan; kredensi apostolik; periautologi; theologia crucis; 2 Korintus 11:23–29
  topic: keywords
creator: Tambok Tua Simanullang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tambok Tua Simanullang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 943
ending page: 952
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1553

Kecerdasan spiritualitas-sosial sebagai habitus teologis
type: item
description: The shooting of Bangkal villagers on October 7, 2023, exposes a fundamental problem in the Indonesian police’s approach to social-personal conflict. Existing academic discourse reads officers' spiritual competence through individualistic, atheological psychometric frameworks, failing to capture the social-relational dimension that is most decisive in conflict situations. This article constructs spiritual-social intelligence as a singular theological habitus uniting the vertical and horizontal dimensions of love, grounded in the double-love command (Mat. 22:37-40), Trinitarian perichoresis, and koinonia. The research employs practical-theological reflection within a case study framework using Osmer's four tasks: descriptive-empirical, interpretive, normative, and pragmatic. Three findings emerge: psychometric reduction is insufficient for forming officers as servants of peace; Christian spirituality is socially constitutive rather than merely consequential; and spiritual formation must integrate egkrateia (self-control) and eirenopoietics (peacemaking) across the entire deployment cycle. The article concludes with pastoral-practical proposals for spiritual formation among Polri personnel. Abstrak Tragedi penembakan warga Desa Bangkal pada 7 Oktober 2023 menyingkap problema mendasar dalam pendekatan aparat kepolisian terhadap konflik sosial-personal di Indonesia. Wacana akademik selama ini membaca kompetensi spiritual aparat melalui kerangka psikometrik yang individualistis dan ateologis, sehingga gagal menangkap dimensi sosial-relasional yang paling menentukan di lapangan konflik. Artikel ini mengonstruksi kecerdasan spiritualitas-sosial sebagai habitus teologis tunggal yang menyatukan dimensi vertikal dan horizontal kasih, berpijak pada hukum kasih ganda (Mat. 22:37-40), perikoresis trinitarian, dan koinonia. Penelitian menggunakan refleksi teologi praktis berbasis studi kasus dengan kerangka empat tugas Osmer, yakni deskriptif-empiris, interpretatif, normatif, dan …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Bangkal tragedy, perichoresis, police spirituality, practical theology, social-personal conflict, spiritual-social intelligence, konflik sosial-personal, kecerdasan spiritualitas-sosial, perikoresis, spiritualitas aparat, teologi praktis, tragedi Bangkal
creator: Andreas Arnoldus
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 197
ending page: 208
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1552

Pluralisme hukum dalam Torah: Sheva mitzvot b’nei Noach dan taryag mitzvot Moshe dalam legislasi Yudaisme dan implikasinya bagi gereja mula-mula
type: item
description: This study explores legal pluralism in the Torah, specifically the relationship between שבע מצוות בני נח (sheva mitzvot b’nei Noach; the seven laws for Noah's descendants) and תריג מצוות משה (taryag mitzvot Moshe; the 613 laws of Moses), as formulated in the rabbinic tradition. Through a historical-theological approach and textual analysis of the Mishnah, Talmud, and early church documents, this study maps how the distinction between laws that apply universally to humanity (Noahide laws) and specifically to the people of Israel (Mosaic laws) shapes the ethical framework of Judaism. Furthermore, this study traces how this pluralistic framework became the backdrop for early church debates in the first century regarding whether the Torah was binding on non-Jews. Findings show that the apostolic council in Jerusalem and early church writings understood themselves within a pluralistic Jewish legal landscape, not as a new system com-pletely detached from its Jewish roots. This study has implications for a rereading of the relationship between Judaism and Christianity, as well as opening up space for contemporary theological dialogue. Abstrak Kajian ini mengeksplorasi pluralisme hukum (legal pluralism) dalam Torah, khususnya relasi antara שבע מצוות בני נח (sheva mitzvot b’nei Noach; tujuh hukum bagi keturunan Nuh) dan תריג מצוות משה (taryag mitzvot Moshe; 613 hukum Musa), sebagaimana yang diformulasikan dalam tradisi rabinik. Melalui pendekatan historis-teologis dan analisis tekstual terhadap Mishnah, Talmud, serta dokumen-dokumen gereja mula-mula, penelitian ini memetakan bagaimana diferensiasi hukum yang berlaku bagi umat manusia secara universal (Noahide laws) dan bagi umat Israel secara khusus (Mosaic laws) yang membentuk kerangka etik Yudaisme. Lebih jauh, studi ini menelusuri bagaimana kerangka pluralistik tersebut menjadi latar belakang perdebatan gereja mula-mula pada abad pertama mengenai apakah Torah mengikat orang-orang non-Yahudi? Temuan menunjukkan bahwa konsi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: 613 laws of Moses; early church; legal pluralism; rabbinic legislation; sefer HaYovelim; seven laws for the descendants of Noah; torah; Judaism; gereja mula-mula; legislasi rabinik; pluralisme hukum; tujuh hukum bagi keturunan Nuh; Yudaisme; 613 hukum Musa
creator: Bambang Noorsena
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 916
ending page: 930
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1551

Upah yang layak sebagai praktik eklesiologis: Sebuah konstruksi teologi kerja untuk gereja Indonesia kontemporer
type: item
description: This article constructs a theology of fair wages as an Ecclesiologi-cal practice for contemporary Indonesian churches. Many church workers in Indonesia experience exploitation legitimized through distorted theologies of service, kenosis, and servant leadership. Using practical theology methodology with Richard Osmer's four-task framework, this research identifies theological, historical, and socio-cultural factors contributing to wage injustice within ecclesiastical institutions. The normative construction draws upon biblical foundations, including the prophetic tradition's critique of labor exploitation (Jer. 22:13; Mal. 3:5), Jesus' affirmation that workers deserve their wages (Luk. 10:7), and Paul instructions regarding compensation for church workers (1Tim. 5:17-18). Dogmatic foundations encompass imago Dei anthropology, symmetrical kenosis christology, and koinonia ecclesiology. This article argues that fair wages constitute an authentic ecclesiological practice that reflects the church's identity as the body of Christ and proposes transformative strategies at the theological, structural, and cultural levels. Abstrak Artikel ini mengonstruksi teologi upah yang layak sebagai praktik eklesiologis bagi gereja Indonesia kontemporer. Banyak pekerja gereja di Indonesia mengalami eksploitasi yang dilegitimasi melalui distorsi teologi pelayanan, kenosis, dan kepemimpinan hamba. Dengan menggunakan metodologi teologi praktis dan kerangka empat tugas Richard Osmer, riset ini mengidentifikasi faktor teologis, historis, dan sosio-kultural yang berkontribusi pada ketidakadilan upah dalam institusi gerejawi. Konstruksi normatif bersumber dari fondasi biblikal meliputi kritik tradisi profetik terhadap eksploitasi pekerja (Yer. 22:13; Mal. 3:5), afirmasi Yesus bahwa pekerja layak mendapat upahnya (Luk. 10:7), dan instruksi Paulus tentang kompensasi pekerja gereja (1Tim. 5:17-18). Fondasi dogmatis mencakup antropologi imago Dei, kristologi kenosis simetris, dan eklesiologi koino…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ecclesiology; economic justice; fair wages; Indonesian church; theology of work; eklesiologi; gereja Indonesia; keadilan ekonomi; teologi kerja; upah layak
  topic: keywords
creator: Sugeng Santoso
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sugeng Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 888
ending page: 900
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1550

Pelaku yang terlupakan
type: item
description: This study explores the motivations and contributing factors of cyberbullying among Christian adolescents in Ambon while constructing a contextual pastoral care model for perpetrators, a group largely neglected in pastoral theological discourse. A qualitative phenomenological method was applied within Richard Osmer's four-task framework of practical theology: descriptive-empirical, interpretive, normative, and pragmatic. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observations with 43 adolescent informants from the GPM Bethania and GPM Nehemia congregations. The findings indicate that flaming and outing are the dominant forms of cyberbullying, driven mainly by peer solidarity and low emotional regulation. The normative analysis develops a theological foundation drawn from Andrew Sung Park's Triune Atone-ment, Miroslav Volf's paradigm of embrace, and Dietrich Bonhoeffer's costly grace. The study proposes an empathetic, restorative pastoral care model structured around four pillars: preventive education, empathetic pastoral counseling, peer tutor groups, and communal restorative action. Its contribution lies in shifting the paradigm of demonization of perpetrators toward a pastoral embrace that balances acceptance and moral accountability. Abstrak Penelitian ini menggali motivasi dan faktor pendorong tindakan cyberbullying di kalangan remaja Kristen di Kota Ambon, sekaligus mengonstruksi model pendampingan pastoral yang relevan bagi pelaku cyberbullying, kelompok yang selama ini terabaikan dalam diskursus teologi pastoral. Metode kualitatif fenomenologis digunakan dengan kerangka empat tugas teologi praktis Richard Osmer, yaitu deskriptif empiris, interpretatif, normatif, dan pragmatik. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion, dan observasi terhadap 43 informan remaja di Jemaat GPM Bethania dan GPM Nehemia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bentuk dominan cyberbullying adalah flaming dan outing, dengan dua faktor uta…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian adolescents in Ambon; cyberbullying; empathy; pastoral care; restorative justice; empati; keadilan restoratif; pendampingan pastoral; remaja Kristen Ambon
  topic: keywords
creator: Aleta Apriliana Ruimassa
creator: Peter Boris Salenussa
creator: Ricardo Freedom Nanuru
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Aleta Apriliana Ruimassa, Peter Boris Salenussa, Ricardo Freedom Nanuru https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 223
ending page: 235
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1540

Oikonomia of the sacred leaf
type: item
description: Arat Sabulungan is a local religion originating from the Mentawai Islands in North Sumatra. It serves as a guiding framework for the Mentawai people, influencing their policies, values, and social behavior. The teachings of Arat Sabulungan emphasize the importance of maintaining balance between God, humans, and nature. As a result, nature becomes a central aspect of the Mentawai people's efforts to preserve environmental integrity. This research, conducted through an ethnographic study, explores Arat Sabulungan as a form of learning media management. It views the local religion as a source of spiritual values that can be integrated into education. The findings support the argument that Arat Sabulungan serves as a source of spiritual inspiration for learning media management through religious education, shaping attitudes and behaviors grounded in spiritual principles. In conclusion, the study highlights how religious values, local belief systems, and education reinforce one another to meet the evolving needs of modern education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Arat Sabulungan, indigenous religious practice, learning media, management, religious education
  topic: keywords
creator: Halim Wiryadinata
creator: Desi Sianipar
creator: Bernadetha Nadeak
creator: Desy Irawaty Santoso
creator: Vitus Juli Agustinus Telaumbanua
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-25
publication date: 2026-04-25
starting page: 185
ending page: 196
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1539

Theologia morae: Slow leadership sebagai spiritualitas kepemimpinan Kristiani transformatif di era akselerasi disruptif
type: item
description: This article proposes Theologia Morae (Theology of Slowness) as a theological-spiritual framework for transformative Christian leadership in the era of disruptive acceleration. Drawing from Hartmut Rosa's social acceleration theory and Byung-Chul Han's critique of the burnout society, this study diagnoses acceleration as a spiritual pathology that negates the Sabbath principle inherent in creation. The theological construction of slow leadership is built upon four foundations: theologia crucis, kenosis, pneumatology, and already-not yet eschatology. Praxis dimensions include contemplation, Sabbath as prophetic resistance, temporal hospitality, and commitment to long-term formation. Contextualized within Indonesia, this framework resonates with local wisdom traditions such as alon-alon waton kelakon, tirakat, and musyawarah. Theologia Morae argues that slowness is not weakness but an essential theological virtue for sustainable and transformative leadership. Abstrak Artikel ini mengusulkan Theologia Morae (Teologi Kelambatan) sebagai kerangka teologis-spiritual bagi kepemimpinan Kristiani transformatif di era akselerasi disruptif. Studi ini mendiagnosis akselerasi sebagai patologi spiritual yang menegasi prinsip Sabbath dalam tatanan ciptaan, dengan berpijak pada teori akselerasi sosial Hartmut Rosa dan kritik Byung-Chul Han terhadap masyarakat burnout. Konstruksi teologis slow leadership dibangun di atas empat fondasi: theologia crucis, kenosis, pneumatologi, dan eskatologi already-not yet. Dimensi praksis mencakup kontemplasi, Sabbath sebagai resistensi profetis, hospitalitas temporal, dan komitmen pada formasi jangka panjang. Dikontekstualisasikan dalam horizon Indonesia, kerangka ini beresonansi dengan tradisi kearifan lokal seperti alon-alon waton kelakon, tirakat, dan musyawarah. Theologia Morae berargumen bahwa kelambatan bukanlah kelemahan melainkan virtus teologis yang esensial bagi kepemimpinan yang berkelanjutan dan transformatif.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Christian spirituality, Indonesian contextual theology; Sabbath; slow leadership; social acceleration; theologia morae; akselerasi sosial; Sabbath; spiritualitas Kristiani; teologi kontekstual Indonesia
creator: Agiana Her Vinshu Ditakristi
creator: Talizaro Tafonao
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Agiana Her Vinshu Ditakristi, Talizaro Tafonao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 729
ending page: 739
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1536

Theologia resonantiae
type: item
description: Indonesia's growing elderly population reveals a crisis of relational disconnection with direct consequences for the mental and spiritual health of older adults. This article proposes Theologia Resonantiae as a theo-logical framework that positions reconciliation as a spirituality of mental resilience for the elderly in the digital era. Employing a qualitative-reflec-tive approach grounded in systematic theological library research, the ar-gument unfolds in two layers: first, a critical appropriation of Hartmut Rosa's resonance theory as a sociological diagnosis of elderly alienation as a crisis of covenantal resonance; and second, a constructive retrieval of Old Testament covenant theology, specifically berith, hesed, shema, zikaron, sha-lom, and teshuvah, as the canonical grammar of divine-human resonance that both precedes and theologically undergirds Rosa's insights, while pro-viding the deepest theological foundation for the pastoral care of the el-derly in the digital age. Theologia Resonantiae enriches pastoral theology by positioning covenantal reconciliation as a contextual spirituality of mental resilience for the elderly, and recommends pastoral models grounded in relational presence, meaningful participation, and inclusive digital spaces rooted in the hesed of the God of Israel. Abstrak Peningkatan populasi lansia di Indonesia mengungkapkan krisis keterputusan relasional yang berdampak langsung pada kesehatan mental dan spiritual lansia. Artikel ini mengusulkan Theologia Resonantiae sebagai kerangka teologis yang menempatkan rekonsiliasi sebagai spiritualitas ketahanan mental lansia di era digital. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif-reflektif berbasis studi pustaka teologis sistematis, argumen dikembangkan dalam dua lapisan: pertama, apropriasi kritis teori resonansi Hartmut Rosa seba-gai diagnosis sosiologis atas alienasi lansia sebagai krisis resonansi perjan-jian; dan kedua, penggalian teologi perjanjian dalam Perjanjian Lama, khu-susnya berith, hesed, shem…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: berith, covenant theology, elderly, hesed, mental resilience, reconciliation, resonance, shalom, teshuvah, zikaron, ketahanan mental, lansia, rekonsiliasi, resonansi
  topic: keywords
creator: Martina Novalina
creator: Rinto Francius Sirait
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 26
ending page: 38
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1529

Lectio divina sebagai ruang perjumpaan dengan Sabda
type: item
description: This article examines biblical reading practices in the spiritual formation of theology students at the State Christian Institute (IAKN) Ta-rutung, using the conceptual framework of lectio divina as a transformative space for encounter with the Word. Contemporary theological education frequently suffers from a fragmentation between critical-historical exegesis and formative spiritual discipline: students master interpretive methods yet lack contemplation. By placing Guigo II’s monastic ladder, M. Robert Mulholland Jr.’s theology of spiritual formation, Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of appropriation, and Parker J. Palmer’s pedagogical epistemology in dialogue, this article argues that lectio divina can be rehabilitated as an ecumenical, cross-traditional discipline that unites head, heart, and hands. The research employs Richard R. Osmer’s qualitative, practical-theological approach with hermeneutic-phenomenological analysis. The IAKN Tarutung context, rooted in Batak Lutheran-Reformed ecclesiology, is read as a con-textual laboratory that promises the integration of the contemplative tradition with the communal marhata habitus. The article contributes a Lectio Communalis Batakiana pedagogical model as a formative reconstruction for contemporary Indonesian theological education. Abstrak Artikel ini menelaah praktik penelaahan Alkitab dalam formasi spiritualitas mahasiswa Program Studi Teologi di Institut Agama Kristen Negeri (IAKN) Tarutung melalui kerangka konseptual lectio divina sebagai ruang perjumpaan dengan Sabda yang transformatif. Pendidikan teologi kontemporer kerap menderita fragmentasi antara eksegesis akademis kritis historis dan disiplin spiritual yang formatif: mahasiswa menguasai metode tafsir, namun mengalami defisit kontemplasi. Dengan mendialogkan tradisi tangga monastik Guigo II, teologi pembentukan spiritual M. Robert Mulholland Jr., hermeneutika apropriasi Paul Ricoeur, dan epistemologi pedagogis Parker J. Palmer, artikel ini berargumen bahwa lecti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Batak context, biblical reading, lectio divina, spiritual formation, theological education, IAKN Tarutung, formasi spiritualitas, konteks Batak, pendidikan teologi, penelaahan Alkitab
  topic: keywords
creator: Warseto Freddy Sihombing
creator: Megawati Manullang
creator: Mega Intan Tambunan
creator: Jeicca Melati Siregar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 245
ending page: 256
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1520

Habitus digital dan pemuridan terjalin
type: item
description: This article examines the intersection of digital habitus, missional identity, and discipleship practice among Indonesian Christian Gen Z through a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Gen Z, the first cohort born and raised entirely within a digital ecosystem, inhabits a spirituality profoundly shaped by networked practices. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus, the study examines how digital practices constitute spiritual dispositions that facilitate or constrain missional identity formation. Through a literature-based inquiry using hermeneutic phenomenology of contemporary theological, sociological, and missiological texts, the article analyzes lived religious experience within digital fellowship and the ways Indonesian Christian Gen Z negotiates faith, community, and missional calling in phygital spaces. Four thematic discussions are developed, namely digital habitus as a shifting spiritual ecology, digital fellowship as an ecclesial locus, the transformation of discipleship models within digital ecosystems, and networked discipleship as an emerging missiological paradigm. The article argues that authentic discipleship for Gen Z requires a theological reframing of community, presence, and mission, articulated through three operative principles, namely habitus incorporation, phygital koinonia, and missional vocation. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji pertemuan antara habitus digital, identitas misioner, dan praktik pemuridan di kalangan Gen Z Kristen di Indonesia melalui pendekatan fenomenologi hermeneutis. Gen Z, yakni generasi pertama yang lahir dan dibesarkan sepenuhnya dalam ekosistem digital, menghidupi spiritualitas yang dibentuk secara mendalam oleh praktik jejaring. Bertolak dari konsep habitus Pierre Bourdieu, penelitian ini menelaah cara praktik digital membentuk disposisi spiritual yang memfasilitasi atau menghambat pembentukan identitas misioner. Melalui kajian pustaka dengan pendekatan fenomenologi hermeneutis atas literatur teologis, sosiolo…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital fellowship, digital habitus, discipleship, Gen Z, habitus digital, missional identity, phenomenology, fenomenologi, habitus digital, identitas misioner, pemuridan, persekutuan digital
  topic: keywords
creator: Edwin Gandaputra
creator: Mozes H. J. Huwae
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-25
publication date: 2026-04-25
starting page: 135
ending page: 147
doi: 10.30995/kur.v12i1.1515

Dialektika ontologis “miskin dalam roh” dan “kaya di hadapan Allah”: Reevaluasi filologis Matius 5:3 dan Lukas 12:21 terhadap terjemahan LAI
type: item
description: Matthew 5:3 serves as the theological prolegomenon to the Ser-mon on the Mount and undergoes semantic shifts in Indonesian translation. This article critically evaluates the Indonesian Bible Society's (LAI) translation of "poor before God" by comparing it with the Greek text ptōchoi tō pneumati (NA28). Employing grammatical-historical hermeneutics and redaction criticism, this study identifies a gap in Indonesian biblical discourse that neglects the syntactic function of the dative of respect in the grammatical structure of Matthew 5. The analysis encompasses participial clauses and the dialogical-imperative framework that constructs the mes-sage of "better righteousness" and compares it with Luke 12:21 regarding the orientation of being "rich toward God" (ploutōn eis theon). Findings indi-cate that while LAI's translation has pragmatic-relational value, the terminology "poor in spirit" more accurately preserves the introspective inward dimension and ontological status of the ideal disciple in Matthew's Narrative. This research challenges prosperity theology and proposes a transformation of ecclesiological praxis oriented toward social justice as the fruit of genuine spiritual poverty. Abstrak Matius 5:3 merupakan prolegomena khotbah di Bukit yang mengalami pergeseran semantik dalam penerjemahan Indonesia. Artikel ini mengevaluasi kritis pilihan terjemahan Lembaga Alkitab Indonesia (LAI) "miskin di hadapan Allah" melalui komparasi dengan teks Yunani ptōchoi tō pneumati (NA28). Menggunakan hermeneutika gramatikal-historis dan kritik redaksi, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kesenjangan dalam diskursus biblika Indonesia yang mengabaikan fungsi sintaksis dativus of respect dalam struktur gramatikal Matius 5. Analisis mencakup klausa partisipial dan bingkai dialogis-imperatif yang membangun pesan "kebenaran yang lebih baik", serta komparasi dengan Lukas 12:21 mengenai orientasi "kaya terhadap Allah" (ploutōn eis theon). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terjemahan LAI me…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Luke 12:21; Matthew 5:3; poverty in spirit; sermon on the mount; synoptic theology; khotbah di bukit; Lukas 12:21; Matius 5:3; miskin dalam roh; teologi sinoptik
  topic: keywords
creator: Robinson Rimun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Robinson Rimun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 901
ending page: 915
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1512

Transformasi kepemimpinan Kristiani melalui dialog antarbudaya: Strategi membangun ketahanan komunitas di era posmodern
type: item
description: The postmodern era presents complex challenges for Christian leadership in building resilient communities amid social fragmentation and cultural plurality. This research analyzes the transformation of Christian leadership through intercultural dialogue as a strategy for building community resilience. Using literature analysis methods with hermeneutic-phenomenological approaches, data were collected through comprehensive studies of theological, leadership, and cultural anthropology sources. The research produces a culturally responsive leadership model that integrates Christian values with intercultural sensitivity. Findings reveal that intercultural dialogue transforms leadership paradigms from monocultural approaches toward authentic inclusivity. Community resilience strategies are developed through seven dimensions: adaptive capacity, social cohesion, member empowerment, economic resilience, cultural preservation, network formation, and crisis preparedness. The research contribution is a theoretical framework that synergizes contextual theology with transformative leadership to address the realities of multicultural societies. Abstrak Era posmodern menghadirkan tantangan kompleks bagi kepemimpinan Kristiani dalam membangun komunitas yang resilien di tengah fragmentasi sosial dan pluralitas budaya. Penelitian ini menganalisis transformasi kepemimpinan Kristiani melalui dialog antarbudaya sebagai strategi membangun ketahanan komunitas. Menggunakan metode analisis literatur dengan pendekatan hermeneutik-fenomenologis, data dikumpulkan melalui studi komprehensif terhadap sumber-sumber teologi, kepemimpinan, dan antropologi budaya. Penelitian menghasilkan model kepemimpinan responsif budaya yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Kristiani dengan sensitivitas antarbudaya. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa dialog antarbudaya mentransformasi paradigma kepemimpinan dari pendekatan monokultur menuju inklusivitas yang autentik. Strategi ketahanan komunitas dikembangkan melalui tujuh dimen…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian leadership, intercultural dialogue, community resilience, postmodern era, transformation, kepemimpinan Kristiani, dialog antarbudaya, ketahanan komunitas, era postmodern, transformasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Simon Kasse
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Simon Kasse https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 783
ending page: 793
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1505

Geografi perjanjian: Tanah sebagai topos relasional dalam teologi naratif Alkitab
type: item
description: This research examines the theology of the Promised Land by framing it as a relational theological concern rather than merely a geographical, historical, or symbolic theme. Departing from the predominance of descriptive and inductive approaches in biblical land studies, this research raises a theological question: for what purpose is the Promised Land theologized within the narrative of redemption? Employing a narrative-theological approach, the article traces the function of land within the redemptive structure of Scripture, from the call of Abraham, through its realization and disciplinary role in Israel’s history, to its transformation in light of New Testament eschatological fulfillment. The analysis indicates that land functions as a relational topos, a theological space in which the relationship between God, the covenant community, and creation is formed and held accountable. Accordingly, the Promised Land is not interpreted as a legitimation of exclusive possession, but as a medium of covenantal participation that entails obedience, ethical responsibility, and ecological awareness within the redemptive narrative. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji teologi Tanah Perjanjian dengan menempatkannya sebagai persoalan teologis relasional, bukan semata tema geografis, historis, atau simbolik. Bertolak dari kritik terhadap kecenderungan studi biblika yang bersifat deskriptif-induktif dalam membaca tema tanah, penelitian ini mengajukan pertanyaan teologis: untuk apa Tanah Perjanjian diteologikan dalam narasi penebusan. Dengan pendekatan naratif-teologis, artikel ini menelusuri fungsi tanah dalam struktur penebusan Alkitab, mulai dari panggilan Abraham, realisasi dan disiplin dalam sejarah Israel, hingga transformasi maknanya dalam terang penggenapan eskatologis Perjanjian Baru. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tanah berfungsi sebagai topos relasional, yakni ruang teologis tempat relasi antara Allah, umat perjanjian, dan ciptaan dibentuk serta dipertanggungjawabkan. Dengan d…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: covenantal geography; ecclesial identity; narrative-theological approach; promised land theology; relational topos; geografi perjanjian; identitas gereja; tanah perjanjian; teologi naratif; topos relasional
creator: Dewi Magdalena
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 865
ending page: 876
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1504

Tamu yang menjamu: Pembacaan subversif atas hospitalitas profetik dalam Lukas 11:37–45
type: item
description: This research offers a subversive reading of Luke 11:37–45 by in-terpreting the meal scene through the framework of prophetic hospitality. Hospitality is not treated merely as a social convention but as a theological space in which Jesus, invited as a guest, assumes a prophetic role that redefines purity, justice, and authentic faith. Employing a qualitative, library-based method with historical, narrative, and theological analyses, this study situates the pericope within the socio-religious context of first-century Judaism, in which table fellowship functioned as a marker of ritual purity and social boundaries. The analysis shows that Jesus’ refusal to perform ritual handwashing constitutes a deliberate act that disrupts perfor-mative piety and exposes the tension between external observance and ethical responsibility. By transforming the host’s table into a site of prophetic critique, the narrative unmasks institutional hypocrisy embedded in religious practice. This study contributes to Lukan scholarship by framing hospitality as a prophetic practice that calls for justice, integrity, and embodied faith, and offers critical implications for contemporary ecclesial life amid the challenges posed by performative religiosity in the digital era. Abstrak Penelitian ini menawarkan pembacaan subversif terhadap Lukas 11:37-45 dengan menempatkan perikop jamuan makan dalam kerangka hospitalitas profetik. Hospitalitas dipahami bukan sekadar praktik sosial, melainkan ruang teologis di mana Yesus, meskipun hadir sebagai tamu, bertindak sebagai penjamu yang menafsir ulang makna kesucian, keadilan, dan iman yang otentik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dengan analisis historis, naratif, dan teologis, dengan mempertimbangkan konteks sosio-religius Yudaisme abad pertama yang menjadikan meja makan sebagai penanda kemurnian ritual dan batas sosial. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penolakan Yesus terhadap ritual pencucian tangan merupakan tind…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: authenticity of faith; Luke 11:37–45; narrative theology; prophetic hospitality; ritual critique; autentisitas iman; hospitalitas profetik; kritik ritual; Lukas 11:37–45; teologi naratif
  topic: keywords
creator: Ridwan Simamora
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Magdalena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 828
ending page: 840
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1503

Imago Dei dalam budaya algoritma: Fondasi teologis untuk pendidikan karakter kristiani di era digital
type: item
description: This article examines the crisis of character formation in the digital age from a theological-pedagogical perspective, focusing on the fundamental tension between Imago Dei and algorithmic culture that shapes identity through digital technology. The phenomena of gawai addiction, gaming disorder, and attention fragmentation are not merely behavioral problems but reflect a deeper ontological crisis concerning human nature and purpose. Through a qualitative-conceptual approach using theological-philosophical methods, this article analyzes how algorithmic culture systematically deconstructs Christian understanding of humanity as Imago Dei. The article proposes that Christian Religious Education (CRE) must be reconstructed as counter-cultural pedagogy grounded in Imago Dei theology. CRE should not merely transfer religious knowledge but form character through holistic spiritual formation, integrating spiritual disciplines, authentic community (koinonia), and embodied practices as alternatives to digital liturgies. Practical implications include reorienting CRE curriculum from cognitive-informational to formational-transformational, developing pedagogy emphasizing contemplation and presence, and forming formational ecosystems involving church, school, and family. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji krisis formasi karakter di era digital dari perspektif teologis-pedagogis, dengan fokus pada ketegangan fundamental antara konsep Imago Dei dan budaya algoritma yang membentuk identitas melalui teknologi digital. Fenomena adiksi gawai, gaming disorder, dan fragmentasi perhatian bukan sekadar masalah perilaku, tetapi mencerminkan krisis ontologis yang lebih dalam tentang hakikat dan tujuan manusia. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif-konseptual dengan metode teologis-filosofis, artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana budaya algoritma secara sistematis mendekonstruksi pemahaman Kristen tentang manusia sebagai Imago Dei. Artikel ini mengusulkan bahwa Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) harus direkonstru…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: algorithmic culture; character formation; Christian identity; Christian religious education; digital addiction; digital liturgy; imago dei; theological pedagogy; adiksi digital; budaya algoritma; formasi karakter; identitas Kristen; liturgi digital; pendidikan agama Kristen; teologi pedagogis
creator: Roesmijati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roesmijati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-30
publication date: 2025-08-30
starting page: 569
ending page: 582
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i2.1502

Kepemimpinan naratif-memori: Paradigma pembangunan jemaat melalui praktik anamnesis komunal
type: item
description: Artikel ini mengkonstruksi paradigma kepemimpinan naratif-memori sebagai alternatif terhadap model kepemimpinan gereja yang dominan bersifat visioner-futuristik dan manajerial-korporat. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif-konstruktif dengan metode korelasi kritis, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan teologi memori (Metz, Volf, Ricoeur), teori kepemimpinan naratif (Gardner, Hauerwas), dan liturgi formatif (Smith, Schmemann) untuk mengembangkan kerangka kepemimpinan yang berakar pada praktik anamnesis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan naratif-memori menawarkan lima dimensi transformatif: pemimpin sebagai kurator memori komunal, liturgi sebagai teknologi pembentukan identitas, narasi sebagai medium integrasi pengalaman fragmentaris, memori sebagai sumber rekonsiliasi pasca-trauma, dan anamnesis sebagai kritik profetik. Dalam konteks Indonesia yang ditandai pluralitas dan berbagai luka sejarah, model ini menyediakan kerangka teologis dan praktis untuk pembangunan jemaat yang mengintegrasikan pengakuan atas penderitaan masa lalu dengan harapan eskatologis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: kepemimpinan naratif-memori, anamnesis, pembangunan jemaat, teologi memori, liturgi formatif, rekonsiliasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Fenetson Pairikas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fenetson Pairikas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
starting page: 763
ending page: 771
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1501

Dekolonialisasi servant leadership: Karakter, kritik, dan rekonstruksi tata kelola eklesial dalam konteks indonesia
type: item
description: The "servant leadership" discourse has achieved quasi-dogmatic status in contemporary Christian leadership, yet rarely undergoes critical interrogation of its epistemological assumptions and political implications. This article argues that the uncritical adoption of servant leadership in Indonesian church governance perpetuates colonial patterns through the depoliticization of biblical servanthood, the domestication of service rhetoric that conceals untransformed hierarchical power relations, and the reproduction of Western governance models as universal templates while marginalizing indigenous communal wisdom. Through critical analysis, this study identifies four constitutive characteristics of servant leadership discourse: individualization, moralization, leader-centrism, and ahistoricity. The reconstructive section develops an alternative paradigm of "Participatory-Communal Governance" that integrates early church practices (Acts 2:42-47; 1 Corinthians 12:12-27) with Indonesian indigenous wisdom—gotong royong, tepo seliro, and musyawarah-mufakat—proposing a distributed authority based on charismata, facilitative rotation, and communal deliberation. Abstrak Diskursus "servant leadership" telah mencapai status quasi-dogmatis dalam kepemimpinan Kristiani kontemporer, namun jarang mengalami interogasi kritis atas asumsi epistemologis dan implikasi politisnya. Artikel ini mengargumentasikan bahwa adopsi tanpa kritik terhadap servant leadership dalam tata kelola gereja Indonesia melanggengkan pola-pola kolonial melalui depolitisasi servanthood biblika, domestikasi retorika pelayanan yang menyembunyikan relasi kekuasaan hierarkis yang tidak tertransformasi, dan reproduksi model governansi Barat sebagai template universal dengan memarjinalkan kearifan komunal indigenous. Melalui analisis kritis, studi ini mengidentifikasi empat karakter konstitutif diskursus servant leadership: individualisasi, moralisasi, leader-sentrisme, dan ahistorisitas. Bagian rekonstruktif mengemb…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: communal ecclesiology; decolonization; ecclesial governance; Indonesian indigenous wisdom; political theology; servant leadership; dekolonialisasi; ekklesiologi komunal; kearifan lokal Indonesia; tata kelola eklesial; teologi politik
creator: Jonathan Leobisa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jonathan Leobisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 717
ending page: 728
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1500

Bersama bersaudara dalam kesatuan: Kerukunan sebagai kebajikan publik melalui pemaknaan paradigmatis-teologis Mazmur 133
type: item
description: This article constructs a Christian public theology of harmony (kerukunan) by employing Psalm 133 as a theological paradigm for understanding Indonesian cultural values within a biblical framework. While Indonesian rukun has been critiqued as promoting conflict avoidance that perpetuates structural injustices, this study argues for a theological reconstruction that retrieves its generative potential as a public virtue. Through historical-critical exegesis of Psalm 133, anthropological-theological analysis of the rukun concept, and comparative theological methodology placing both in critical correlation, this article demonstrates how the psalmist's vision of unity (yachad) provides a biblical-theological foundation for kerukunan that transcends passive tolerance. The analysis reveals that authentic rukun, informed by the covenantal and eschatological dimensions of Psalm 133, functions as active peacebuilding that honors both unity and justice. This research contributes to contextual theology by demonstrating how indigenous cultural values, when critically appropriated through biblical hermeneutics, can enrich both local Christian witness and international theological discourse. Abstrak Artikel ini mengkonstruksi teologi publik Kristen tentang kerukunan dengan menggunakan Mazmur 133 sebagai paradigma teologis untuk memahami nilai budaya Indonesia dalam kerangka alkitabiah. Meskipun rukun Indonesia telah dikritik sebagai sikap menghindari konflik yang melanggengkan ketidakadilan struktural, penelitian ini berargumen untuk rekonstruksi teologis yang mengambil kembali potensi generatifnya sebagai kebajikan publik. Melalui eksegesis historis-kritis terhadap Mazmur 133, analisis antropologis-teologis terhadap konsep rukun, dan metodologi teologi komparatif yang menempatkan keduanya dalam korelasi kritis, artikel ini menunjukkan bagaimana visi kesatuan (yachad) sang pemazmur menyediakan fondasi biblis-teologis untuk kerukunan yang melampaui toleransi pasif. Analisis mengung…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Psalm 133, rukun, kerukunan, public virtue, Indonesian public theology, peace theology, Mazmur 133, rukun, kerukunan, kebajikan publik, teologi publik Indonesia, teologi perdamaian
  topic: keywords
creator: Yehuda Mandacan
creator: Federans Randa
creator: Donna Crosnoy Sinaga
creator: Rifky Serva Tuju
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yehuda Mandacan, Federans Randa, Donna Crosnoy Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 752
ending page: 762
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1499

Pernikahan sebagai ruang liminal: Rekonstruksi teologis sakramen dalam perspektif studi ritual
type: item
description: Artikel ini mengajukan rekonstruksi teologis terhadap sakramen pernikahan Kristen melalui perspektif ritual studies, khususnya konsep liminalitas Victor Turner. Teologi pernikahan konvensional cenderung beroperasi dalam logika biner statis yang mereduksi pernikahan menjadi status ontologis yang diperoleh sekali dan permanen. Melalui analisis konseptual terhadap struktur ritus peralihan (rites of passage), artikel ini berargumen bahwa pernikahan lebih tepat dipahami sebagai permanent liminality, yakni kondisi ambang berkelanjutan yang tidak pernah sepenuhnya terselesaikan ke dalam stabilitas struktural. Implikasi teologis dari paradigma ini mencakup reinterpretasi komunitas Turner sebagai analog dengan koinonia Perjanjian Baru, serta pengembangan konsep ritual maintenance sebagai praktik liturgis domestik yang memelihara dimensi sakramental pernikahan sepanjang kehidupan pasangan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: liminalitas, pernikahan, ritual studies, Victor Turner, communitas, teologi sakramental
  topic: keywords
creator: Gregorius Suwito
creator: Jon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Gregorius Suwito, Jon Jon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 794
ending page: 804
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i3.1487

Metakognisi rohani melalui hypnoteaching berbasis kitab suci: Pendekatan multidisipliner teologi-neurosains pada pembelajaran transformatif Pendidikan Agama Kristen
type: item
description: This study examines the development of spiritual metacognition through a Scripture-based hypnoteaching method and its influence on transformative learning in Christian Religious Education (CRE). The research employs a multidisciplinary approach integrating theology and neuroscience to understand how biblical suggestion techniques influence neuroplasticity and spiritual-cognitive development. Through literature-based analysis, this study reveals that Scripture-based hypnoteaching creates distinctive metacognitive awareness that transcends conventional educational paradigms. The integration of biblical texts as suggested materials in relaxed consciousness states facilitates deeper spiritual reflection and enhanced retention of theological concepts. Findings suggest that this method simultaneously activates both cognitive and spiritual dimensions, resulting in transformative learning experiences that align with Christian pedagogical objectives. The research demonstrates how neuroscientific understanding of suggestion mechanisms validates traditional Christian practices of meditation and contemplation, offering evidence-based foundations for innovative CRE methodologies. This study contributes to contemporary educational discourse by providing a theologically grounded framework for understanding metacognition within faith-based learning contexts. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi konstruksi metakognisi rohani melalui metode Scripture-based hypnoteaching dan dampaknya terhadap transformative learning dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK). Riset menggunakan pendekatan multidisipliner yang mengintegrasikan teologi dan neurosains untuk memahami bagaimana teknik biblical suggestion mempengaruhi neuroplastisitas dan perkembangan spiritual-kognitif. Melalui analisis berbasis literatur, penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa Scripture-based hypnoteaching menciptakan kesadaran metakognitif yang khas yang melampaui paradigma pendidikan konvensional. Integrasi teks-teks biblical sebag…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Christian education; neuroscience theology; Scripture-based hypnoteaching; spiritual metacognition; transformative learning; metakognisi rohani; pembelajaran transformatif; pendidikan Kristiani; teologi neurosains
creator: Sugiyanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sugiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-31
publication date: 2025-08-31
starting page: 510
ending page: 521
doi: 10.30995/kur.v11i2.1485